Villages of the Wa nationality in bamboo forests(2011/07/05)
The Wa nationally villages are usually located on the flat grounds on the tops of hills. When they decided to establish a village, the first thing they did was choose a “Tree of the God of Land.” Then, they offered sacrifices to the “God of Land,” and if the God showed a lucky omen, they would start the construction of their houses. The “Tree of the God of Land” is usually to the upper right of the village. Every family could freely choose their house site.
In the past, the house sites were divided according to family name, and the families under a same family name would build their houses at a certain location. For the house sites that have been freely chosen, the families only have the usufruct, but do not have ownership. If the house site chosen by a family is in another family’s farmland, the family needs to prepare some salt, tea and a jar of wine and invite the owner of the farmland to the home or go to the home of the owner to ask for permission. If the owner agrees, then they could construct the house, and usually, the owner would not reject such a request.
If there are some crops, fruit trees or plants growing in the farmland, the family should also compensate the owner’s losses and then would be allowed to clear the site.
All the houses were built based on the landforms of hills. The houses stood in lines from the top down and look quite neat. According to the structure, the Wa nationality houses can be divided into two types, namely the “Ganlan-styled house” and the “four-wall-on-the-ground house” which is also called the “hencoop house.”The “Ganlan-styled houses” are similar to the houses of China’s Dai nationality. They usually have two floors. The upper floor is for people to live and the lower floor is used to raise livestock or store firewood. The construction materials of these houses usually included lumber, bamboo, hay, vines and sawali. According to a family’s financial situation and the number of members, the sizes of the houses were also different. The house of a chief was usually relatively larger and has host rooms, guest rooms and outer rooms, and a host fire pit, a guest fire pit, and a ghost fire pit.
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